This article is about some characteristics
and applications of LEDs. If you are interested in LEDs or you are working in
the LED industry, you can read it right now.
1. A light-emitting diode, or LED,
is a type of solid-state lighting that uses a semiconductor to convert
electricity into light. Today’s LED bulbs can be six-seven times more energy
efficient than conventional incandescent lights and cut energy use by more than
80 percent.
2. Good-quality LED bulbs can have
a useful life of 25,000 hours or more -- meaning they can last more than 25
times longer than traditional light bulbs. That is a life of more than three
years if it runs 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
3. Unlike incandescent bulbs --
which release 90 percent of their energy as heat -- LEDs use energy far more
efficiently with little wasted heat.
4. From traffic lights and vehicle
brake lights to TVs and display cases, LEDs are used in a wide range of
applications because of their unique characteristics, which include compact
size, ease of maintenance, resistance to breakage, and the ability to focus the
light in a single direction instead of having it go every which way.
5. LEDs contain no mercury, and a
recent Energy Department study determined that LEDs have a much smaller
environmental impact than incandescent bulbs. They also have an edge over compact
fluorescent lights (CFLs). That’s expected to grow over the next few years as
LED technology continues its steady improvement.
6. Since the Energy Department
started funding solid-state lighting R&D in 2000, these projects have
received 58 patents. Some of the most successful projects include developing
new ways to use materials, extract more light, and solve the underlying
technical challenges. Most recently, the Energy Department announced five new
projects that will focus on cutting costs by improving manufacturing equipment
and processes.
7. The first visible-spectrum LED
was invented by Nick Holonyak, Jr., while working for GE in 1962. Since then,
the technology has rapidly advanced and costs have dropped tremendously, making
LEDs a viable lighting solution. Between 2011 and 2012, global sales of LED
replacement bulbs increased by 22 percent while the cost of a 60-watt
equivalent LED bulb fell by nearly 40 percent. By 2030, it's estimated that
LEDs will account for 75 percent of all lighting sales.
8. In 2012, about 49 million LEDs
were installed in the U.S. -- saving about $675 million in annual energy costs.
Switching entirely to LED lights over the next two decades could save the U.S.
$250 billion in energy costs, reduce electricity consumption for lighting by
nearly 50 percent and avoid 1,800 million metric tons of carbon emissions.